Valavu ya chipata ndi valavu yodziwika bwino, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osamalira madzi, zitsulo ndi mafakitale ena, ndipo msika wazindikira magwiridwe antchito ake osiyanasiyana, TWS yakhala ikugwira ntchito yowunikira bwino komanso yoyesa kwa zaka zambiri, kuwonjezera pa kuzindikira mavavu a chipata, pali kafukufuku wina, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mavavu a chipata, kuthetsa mavuto ndi zina mwazofufuza mosamala komanso mosamala.
Malinga ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a ma valve a chipata, ma valve a chipata amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: mtundu wa wedge ndi mtundu wofanana.
Chipinda cha valavu ya chipata cha wedge chili ndi mawonekedwe a wedge, ndipo pamwamba pake pamakhala mzere wapakati pa njira, ndipo wedge pakati pa chipata cha chipata ndi mpando wa valavu imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti itseke (kutseka). Chipinda cha wedge chingakhale chipata chimodzi kapena chipata chachiwiri.
Malo otsekera a valavu yolumikizirana ndi ofanana ndipo amalunjika pakati pa njira, zomwe zimagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: yokhala ndi njira yotsegulira ndi yopanda. Pali ram iwiri yokhala ndi njira yolumikizira, pamene ram imatsika, mphero ziwiri zofanana zimayikidwa pa mpando wa valavu ndi malo otsetsereka, njira yoyendetsera madzi imadulidwa, pamene ram imakwera ndikutseguka, mphero imalekanitsidwa ndi pamwamba pa ram yolumikizirana, ram imakwera kufika kutalika kwina, ndipo mphero imagwiridwa ndi bwana pa ram. Pamene ram imalowa mu mpando wa valavu m'malo awiri ofanana a valavu, kupanikizika kwa madzi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kukanikiza ram pa thupi la valavu kumbali yotulukira ya valavu kuti itseke madzi.
Malinga ndi kayendedwe kosiyana ka tsinde la valavu pamene chipata chatsegulidwa ndi kutsekedwa, mavavu a chipata amagawidwa m'magulu awiri: mavavu a chipata chokwera ndi mavavu a chipata chobisika. Tsinde la valavu ndi chipata cha valavu ya chipata chokwera zimakwera ndi kutsika nthawi imodzi potsegula kapena kutseka; valavu ya chipata chobisika ikatsegulidwa kapena kutsekedwa, tsinde la valavu limazungulira kokha, ndipo kukwera ndi kutsika kwa tsinde la valavu sikungawonekere, ndipo mbale ya valavu imakwera kapena kutsika. Ubwino wa valavu ya chipata chokwera ndi wakuti kutalika kwa njira yotsegulira njira kumatha kuweruzidwa ndi kutalika kwa tsinde la valavu, koma kutalika komwe kumakhalapo kumatha kuchepetsedwa. Mukayang'ana gudumu lamanja kapena chogwirira, tembenuzani gudumu lamanja kapena chogwirira mozungulira kuti mutseke valavu.
2. Nthawi ndi mfundo zosankhira ma valve a chipata
01. Valavu ya chipata chathyathyathya
Nthawi zina ma valve a chipata chosalala:
(1) Mapaipi amafuta ndi gasi wachilengedwe. Ma valve a chipata chosalala okhala ndi mabowo otembenukira ndi osavuta kuyeretsa mapaipi.
(2) Mapaipi ndi zida zosungiramo mafuta oyeretsedwa.
(3) Malo opangira mafuta ndi gasi wachilengedwe.
(4) Mapaipi okhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapachikidwa.
(5) Mapaipi otumizira gasi mumzinda.
(6) Mapulojekiti opereka madzi.
Mfundo yosankha valavu ya chipata chathyathyathya:
(1) Pa mapaipi otumizira mafuta ndi gasi wachilengedwe, ma valve a chipata cha mbale okhala ndi zipata chimodzi kapena ziwiri amasankhidwa. Ngati mukufuna kuyeretsa payipi, sankhani valavu ya chipata chotseguka yokhala ndi ndodo imodzi ndi dzenje losinthira.
(2) Pa payipi yoyendera ndi zida zosungiramo mafuta oyeretsedwa, valavu ya chipata chathyathyathya yokhala ndi chipata chimodzi kapena ziwiri zopanda dzenje losinthira imasankhidwa.
(3) Pa chipangizo chogwiritsira ntchito mafuta ndi gasi wachilengedwe, valavu ya chipata chathyathyathya yokhala ndi mbale ya chipata chimodzi kapena ziwiri yokhala ndi mpando wa valavu yoyandama ya ndodo yakuda ndi dzenje losinthira limasankhidwa.
(4) Pa mapaipi okhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapachikidwa, ma valve a chipata chosalala ngati mpeni amasankhidwa.
(5) Pa mapaipi otumizira gasi mumzinda, valavu yotsegula chipata chimodzi kapena chipata chachiwiri chofewa imasankhidwa.
(6) Pa ntchito zoperekera madzi, valavu ya chipata chimodzi kapena ziwiri yopanda dzenje losinthira imasankhidwa.
02. Valavu ya chipata cha wedge
Nthawi zina kugwiritsa ntchito ma valve a chipata cha wedge: m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma valve, ma valve a chipata ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amakhala oyenera kutsegulidwa kwathunthu kapena kutsekedwa kwathunthu, sangagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonza ndi kutsekereza.
Ma valve a chipata cha wedge nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo omwe palibe zofunikira zokhwima pa kukula kwakunja kwa valavu, ndipo mikhalidwe yogwiritsira ntchito ndi yovuta kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, malo ogwirira ntchito otentha kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwambiri amafuna kuti ziwalo zotsekera zitsekedwe kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kawirikawiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yothamanga kwambiri, mphamvu yotsika kwambiri (kusiyana kwakukulu kwa mphamvu), mphamvu yotsika pang'ono (kusiyana pang'ono kwa mphamvu), phokoso lochepa, kutsekeka kwa mpweya ndi nthunzi, kutentha kwapakati, kutentha kochepa (cryogen), valavu ya chipata cha wedge ndi komwe kumalimbikitsidwa. Mwachitsanzo, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani opanga magetsi, kusungunula mafuta, mafakitale a petrochemical, mafuta akunyanja, uinjiniya wamadzi apampopi ndi uinjiniya wokonza zimbudzi m'mafakitale omanga m'mizinda, komanso makampani opanga mankhwala.
Mfundo yosankha:
(1) Zofunikira pa makhalidwe a madzi a valavu. Ma valavu a pachipata amasankhidwa kuti agwirizane ndi momwe ntchito ikuyendera, mphamvu ya madzi imagwirira ntchito, makhalidwe abwino oyendera madzi komanso zofunikira kwambiri zotsekera madzi.
(2) Chotenthetsera chapamwamba komanso chopanikiza kwambiri. Monga mafuta opaka nthunzi, kutentha kwambiri komanso opaka mphamvu kwambiri.
(3) Sing'anga yotsika kutentha (cryogen). Monga ammonia yamadzimadzi, haidrojeni yamadzimadzi, okosijeni yamadzimadzi ndi zinthu zina.
(4) Kupanikizika kochepa komanso mainchesi akuluakulu. Monga mapulojekiti a madzi apampopi, mapulojekiti oyeretsera zinyalala.
(5) Mapaipi otumizira gasi mumzinda.
(6) Mapulojekiti opereka madzi.
Mfundo yosankha valavu ya chipata chathyathyathya:
(1) Pa mapaipi otumizira mafuta ndi gasi wachilengedwe, ma valve a chipata cha mbale okhala ndi zipata chimodzi kapena ziwiri amasankhidwa. Ngati mukufuna kuyeretsa payipi, sankhani valavu ya chipata chotseguka yokhala ndi ndodo imodzi ndi dzenje losinthira.
(2) Pa payipi yoyendera ndi zida zosungiramo mafuta oyeretsedwa, valavu ya chipata chathyathyathya yokhala ndi chipata chimodzi kapena ziwiri zopanda dzenje losinthira imasankhidwa.
(3) Pa chipangizo chogwiritsira ntchito mafuta ndi gasi wachilengedwe, valavu ya chipata chathyathyathya yokhala ndi mbale ya chipata chimodzi kapena ziwiri yokhala ndi mpando wa valavu yoyandama ya ndodo yakuda ndi dzenje losinthira limasankhidwa.
(4) Pa mapaipi okhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapachikidwa, ma valve a chipata chosalala ngati mpeni amasankhidwa.
(5) Pa mapaipi otumizira gasi mumzinda, valavu yotsegula chipata chimodzi kapena chipata chachiwiri chofewa imasankhidwa.
(6) Pa ntchito zoperekera madzi, valavu ya chipata chimodzi kapena ziwiri yopanda dzenje losinthira imasankhidwa.
02. Valavu ya chipata cha wedge
Nthawi zina kugwiritsa ntchito ma valve a chipata cha wedge: m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma valve, ma valve a chipata ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amakhala oyenera kutsegulidwa kwathunthu kapena kutsekedwa kwathunthu, sangagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonza ndi kutsekereza.
Ma valve a chipata cha wedge nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo omwe palibe zofunikira zokhwima pa kukula kwakunja kwa valavu, ndipo mikhalidwe yogwiritsira ntchito ndi yovuta kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, malo ogwirira ntchito otentha kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwambiri amafuna kuti ziwalo zotsekera zitsekedwe kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kawirikawiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yothamanga kwambiri, mphamvu yotsika kwambiri (kusiyana kwakukulu kwa mphamvu), mphamvu yotsika pang'ono (kusiyana pang'ono kwa mphamvu), phokoso lochepa, kutsekeka kwa mpweya ndi nthunzi, kutentha kwapakati, kutentha kochepa (cryogen), valavu ya chipata cha wedge ndi komwe kumalimbikitsidwa. Mwachitsanzo, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani opanga magetsi, kusungunula mafuta, mafakitale a petrochemical, mafuta akunyanja, uinjiniya wamadzi apampopi ndi uinjiniya wokonza zimbudzi m'mafakitale omanga m'mizinda, komanso makampani opanga mankhwala.
Mfundo yosankha:
(1) Zofunikira pa makhalidwe a madzi a valavu. Ma valavu a pachipata amasankhidwa kuti agwirizane ndi momwe ntchito ikuyendera, mphamvu ya madzi imagwirira ntchito, makhalidwe abwino oyendera madzi komanso zofunikira kwambiri zotsekera madzi.
(2) Chotenthetsera chapamwamba komanso chopanikiza kwambiri. Monga mafuta opaka nthunzi, kutentha kwambiri komanso opaka mphamvu kwambiri.
(3) Sing'anga yotsika kutentha (cryogen). Monga ammonia yamadzimadzi, haidrojeni yamadzimadzi, okosijeni yamadzimadzi ndi zinthu zina.
(4) Kupanikizika kochepa komanso mainchesi akuluakulu. Monga mapulojekiti a madzi apampopi, mapulojekiti oyeretsera zinyalala.
(5) Malo oyika: kutalika kwa malo oyikapo kuli kochepa, valavu ya chipata cha mdima wa wedge imasankhidwa; Kutalika kukakhala kochepa, valavu ya chipata cha mphero ya open wedge imasankhidwa.
(6) Pokhapokha ngati yatsegulidwa kapena kutsekedwa kwathunthu, ndipo singagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonza ndi kutsekereza, valavu ya chipata cha wedge ingasankhidwe.
3. Zolakwika ndi kukonza zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri
01. Zolakwika zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri komanso zomwe zimayambitsa ma valve a chipata
Pambuyo poti valavu ya chipata yagwiritsidwa ntchito, mavuto otsatirawa nthawi zambiri amachitika chifukwa cha kutentha kwapakati, kupanikizika, dzimbiri komanso kuyenda kwa kukhudzana kulikonse.
(1) Kutaya madzi: Pali mitundu iwiri, yomwe ndi kutuluka kwa madzi akunja ndi kutuluka kwa madzi amkati. Kutaya madzi kupita kunja kwa valavu kumatchedwa kutuluka kwa madzi, ndipo kutuluka kwa madzi kumachitika kawirikawiri m'mabokosi odzaza ndi maulumikizidwe a flange.
Chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa bokosi lodzaza: mtundu kapena khalidwe la phukusi silikukwaniritsa zofunikira; Kukalamba kwa phukusi kapena kuwonongeka kwa tsinde; Kutupa kwa chidendene chonyamula katundu Kutupa pamwamba pa tsinde.
Chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa kulumikizidwa kwa flange: zinthu kapena kukula kwa gasket sikukwaniritsa zofunikira; Kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa pamwamba pa kutseka kwa flange; kulimba kosayenera kwa mabotolo olumikizira; Mapaipi sanakonzedwe bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale katundu wowonjezera pa malo olumikizira.
Chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa valavu mkati: Kutuluka kwa valavu chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa valavu ndi kutuluka kwa valavu mkati, komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa pamwamba pa valavu kapena muzu womasuka wa mphete yotsekereza.
(1) Kuzimiririka nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha dzimbiri la pamwamba pa thupi la valavu, chivundikiro cha valavu, tsinde la valavu ndi flange. Kuzimiririka kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha ntchito ya medium, komanso chifukwa cha kutulutsa ma ayoni kuchokera ku filler ndi gasket.
(2) Kutupa: kutsuka kapena kupukuta pamwamba pa ntchafu komwe kumachitika pamene mpando wa mphuno ndi valavu zikusuntha motsatira mphamvu inayake yokhudzana nayo.
02. Kusamaliramavavu a chipata
(1) Kukonza kutuluka kwa valavu yakunja
Mukakanikiza choyikapo, botolo la gland liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana kuti gland isagwedezeke ndikusiya mpata woti ikanikize. Nthawi yomweyo mukakanikiza choyikapo, tsinde la valavu liyenera kuzunguliridwa kuti choyikapo chozungulira tsinde la valavu chikhale chofanana, ndikuletsa kupanikizika kuti kusakhale kofewa kwambiri, kuti kusakhudze kuzungulira kwa tsinde la valavu, kuwonjezera kutopa kwa choyikapo, ndikufupikitsa moyo wautumiki. Pamwamba pa tsinde la valavu ndi poyabwa, kotero kuti cholumikiziracho chikhale chosavuta kutuluka, ndipo chiyenera kukonzedwa kuti chichotse zipsera pamwamba pa tsinde la valavu musanagwiritse ntchito.
Kuti kutayikira kwa kulumikizana kwa flange kutayike, ngati gasket yawonongeka, iyenera kusinthidwa; Ngati zinthu za gasket sizinasankhidwe bwino, zinthu zomwe zingakwaniritse zofunikira zogwiritsidwa ntchito ziyenera kusankhidwa; Ngati khalidwe la kukonza pamwamba pa flange silili bwino, pamwamba pa flange payenera kuchotsedwa ndikukonzedwanso mpaka itayenerera.
Kuphatikiza apo, kulimbitsa bwino mabotolo a flange, kukonza bwino mapaipi, komanso kupewa katundu wochulukirapo pa kulumikizana kwa flange zonse zimathandiza kupewa kutuluka kwa madzi pa cholumikizira cha flange.
(2) Kukonza kutayikira kwa madzi mkati mwa valavu
Kukonza kutayikira kwa mkati ndiko kuchotsa kuwonongeka kwa pamwamba pa kutsekereza ndi kutsekereza kosasunthika pa muzu (pamene mphete yotsekereza yakanikiza mu mbale ya valavu kapena mpando ndi ulusi). Ngati pamwamba pa kutsekereza pakonzedwa mwachindunji pa thupi la valavu ndi mbale ya valavu, palibe vuto la mizu yotayikira ndi kutuluka.
Pamene malo otsekera awonongeka kwambiri, ndipo malo otsekera apangidwa ndi mphete yotsekera, mphete yakale iyenera kuchotsedwa ndipo mphete yatsopano yotsekera iyenera kukhala ndi zida; Ngati malo otsekera apangidwa mwachindunji pa thupi la valavu, malo otsekera owonongeka ayenera kuchotsedwa kaye, kenako mphete yatsopano yotsekera kapena malo otsekera ayenera kuphwanyidwa kukhala malo atsopano otsekera. Ngati mikwingwirima, matumphu, kuphwanya, mabala ndi zolakwika zina za malo otsekera zili zosakwana 0.05mm, zimatha kuchotsedwa popera.
Mphete yotsekera ikakanikizidwa ndikukhazikika, tepi ya PTFE kapena utoto woyera wandiweyani ukhoza kuyikidwa pansi pa mpando wa valavu kapena mzere wa mphete yotsekera, kenako nkukanikiza mu chotsekera kuti muzu wa mphete yotsekera udzazidwe; Pamene chotsekeracho chatsekedwa, tepi ya PTFE kapena utoto woyera uyenera kuyikidwa pakati pa ulusi kuti madzi asatuluke pakati pa ulusi.
(3) Kukonza kwavalavudzimbiri
Kawirikawiri, thupi la valavu ndi bonnet zimakutidwa ndi dzimbiri mofanana, pomwe tsinde la valavu nthawi zambiri limakutidwa ndi mabowo. Pokonza, zinthu zotidwa ndi dzimbiri ziyenera kuchotsedwa kaye, ndipo tsinde la valavu lomwe lili ndi mabowo otidwa ndi zinyalala liyenera kukonzedwa pa lathe kuti lichotse kutsekeka, ndipo choyikapo chokhala ndi chotulutsira pang'onopang'ono chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwake, kapena choyikapocho chiyenera kutsukidwa ndi madzi osungunuka kuti muchotse ma ayoni omwe ali ndi mphamvu yowononga pa tsinde la valavu lomwe lili mu choyikapo.
(4) Kukonza mikwingwirima pamalo otsekera
Pogwiritsa ntchitovalavu, pamwamba pa chotsekacho payenera kutetezedwa kuti chisasweke momwe zingathere, ndipo mphamvu yake isakhale yayikulu kwambiri valavu ikatsekedwa. Ngati pamwamba pa chotsekacho ndi chokwawa, chingachotsedwe pochipera.
Chachinayi, kuzindikira ma valve a chipata
Mu msika wamakono komanso zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito, ma valve achitsulo ndi omwe amafunikira kwambiri. Monga woyang'anira khalidwe la malonda, kuwonjezera pa kudziwa bwino kuwunika khalidwe la malonda, tiyeneranso kumvetsetsa bwino za malondawo.
01. Maziko oyesera ma valve a chipata chachitsulo
Kuyesedwa kwa valavu ya chipata chachitsulo kumachokera pa muyezo wadziko lonse wa GB/T12232-2005 “Vavu ya Chipata cha Chipata cha General Valve Flange Connection”.
02. Zinthu zowunikira ma valve a chipata chachitsulo
Makamaka zikuphatikizapo: chizindikiro, makulidwe ang'onoang'ono a khoma, mayeso okakamiza, mayeso a chipolopolo, ndi zina zotero, zomwe makulidwe a khoma, kuthamanga, mayeso a chipolopolo ndi chinthu chofunikira chowunikira, komanso chinthu chofunikira, ngati pali zinthu zosagwirizana, chingaweruzidwe mwachindunji ngati zinthu zosayenerera.
Mwachidule, kuwunika khalidwe la zinthu ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa kuwunika konse kwa zinthu, kufunika kwake n’koonekeratu, monga ogwira ntchito yowunikira kutsogolo, tiyenera kupitiriza kulimbitsa khalidwe lawo, osati kungochita bwino pakuwunika zinthu, komanso kumvetsetsa kuwunika kwa zinthu, kuti tigwire bwino ntchito yowunikira.
Malingaliro a kampani Tianjin Tanggu Water-Seal Valve Co., Ltdmakamaka kupanga olimba okhala pansivalavu ya gulugufe,valavu ya chipata,Chotsukira cha Y, valavu yolinganiza, valavu yowunikira, valavu yolinganiza, choletsa kuyenda kwa madzi kumbuyo ndi zina zotero.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-26-2024
