Hydrojeni yamadzimadzi ili ndi ubwino wina pakusunga ndi kunyamula. Poyerekeza ndi hidrojeni, hidrojeni yamadzimadzi (LH2) ili ndi kachulukidwe kakakulu ndipo imafuna kupanikizika kochepa kuti isungidwe. Komabe, hidrojeni iyenera kukhala -253°C kuti ikhale yamadzimadzi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndizovuta kwambiri. Kutentha kotsika kwambiri komanso zoopsa zoyaka zimapangitsa hidrojeni yamadzimadzi kukhala chinthu choopsa. Pachifukwa ichi, njira zotetezera mwamphamvu komanso kudalirika kwambiri ndi zofunikira zosasinthasintha popanga ma valve a ntchito zoyenera.
Wolemba Fadila Khelfaoui, Frédéric Blanquet
Valavu ya Velan (Velan)
Kugwiritsa ntchito haidrojeni yamadzimadzi (LH2).
Pakadali pano, haidrojeni yamadzimadzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo imayesedwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika zosiyanasiyana zapadera. Mu ndege, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mafuta oyambitsa roketi ndipo imathanso kupanga mafunde ogwedezeka m'matanthwe a mphepo odutsa. Mothandizidwa ndi "sayansi yayikulu," haidrojeni yamadzimadzi yakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri mu machitidwe opangira zinthu, ma accelerator a tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndi zida zolumikizira nyukiliya. Pamene chikhumbo cha anthu cha chitukuko chokhazikika chikukulirakulira, haidrojeni yamadzimadzi yagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mafuta ndi magalimoto ndi sitima zambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa. Muzochitika zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, kufunika kwa ma valve n'kodziwikiratu. Kugwira ntchito kotetezeka komanso kodalirika kwa ma valve ndi gawo lofunikira la chilengedwe cha unyolo wa haidrojeni yamadzimadzi (kupanga, mayendedwe, kusungira ndi kugawa). Ntchito zokhudzana ndi haidrojeni yamadzimadzi ndizovuta. Ndi zaka zoposa 30 za chidziwitso chogwira ntchito komanso ukatswiri pantchito yama valve apamwamba mpaka -272°C, Velan wakhala akugwira nawo ntchito zosiyanasiyana zatsopano kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo n'zoonekeratu kuti wapambana zovuta zaukadaulo zautumiki wa haidrojeni yamadzimadzi ndi mphamvu zake.
Mavuto mu gawo lopanga
Kupanikizika, kutentha, ndi kuchuluka kwa haidrojeni zonse ndi zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimafufuzidwa poyesa chiopsezo cha kapangidwe ka mavavu. Pofuna kukonza magwiridwe antchito a mavavu, kapangidwe ndi kusankha zinthu zimakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri. Mavavu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga haidrojeni yamadzimadzi amakumana ndi zovuta zina, kuphatikizapo zotsatira zoyipa za haidrojeni pa zitsulo. Pa kutentha kochepa kwambiri, zida za mavavu siziyenera kungopirira kuukira kwa mamolekyulu a haidrojeni (njira zina zowononga zomwe zimagwirizana nazo zimakambidwabe m'masukulu), komanso ziyenera kukhalabe ndi ntchito yabwino kwa nthawi yayitali pamoyo wawo wonse. Ponena za kuchuluka kwa ukadaulo komwe kukuchitika pakadali pano, makampaniwa ali ndi chidziwitso chochepa cha momwe zinthu zopanda chitsulo zimagwiritsidwira ntchito popanga haidrojeni. Posankha zinthu zotsekera, ndikofunikira kuganizira izi. Kutsekera kogwira mtima ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yopangira. Pali kusiyana kwa kutentha kwa pafupifupi 300°C pakati pa haidrojeni yamadzimadzi ndi kutentha kozungulira (kutentha kwa chipinda), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kukhale kosiyana. Gawo lililonse la valavu lidzadutsa madigiri osiyanasiyana a kutentha ndi kupindika. Kusiyana kumeneku kungayambitse kutuluka koopsa kwa malo otsekera ofunikira. Kutsekera kwa tsinde la valavu ndiko komwe kumayangidwira kwambiri pa kapangidwe kake. Kusintha kuchokera ku kuzizira kupita ku kutentha kumapanga kuyenda kwa kutentha. Mbali zotentha za malo osungiramo zinthu zitha kuzizira, zomwe zingasokoneze magwiridwe antchito a tsinde ndikusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a valavu. Kuphatikiza apo, kutentha kochepa kwambiri kwa -253°C kumatanthauza kuti ukadaulo wabwino kwambiri wotetezera kutentha umafunika kuti valavuyo isunge haidrojeni yamadzimadzi pa kutentha kumeneku komanso kuchepetsa kutayika komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuwira. Bola ngati kutentha kwasamutsidwa kupita ku haidrojeni yamadzimadzi, idzasanduka nthunzi ndikutuluka. Sikuti kokha, mpweya wozizira umachitika pamalo osweka a chotetezera kutentha. Mpweya ukangokhudzana ndi haidrojeni kapena zinthu zina zoyaka, chiopsezo cha moto chimawonjezeka. Chifukwa chake, poganizira za chiopsezo cha moto chomwe mavalavu angakumane nacho, mavalavu ayenera kupangidwa ndi zinthu zosaphulika m'maganizo, komanso ma actuator osapsa ndi moto, zida ndi zingwe, zonse ndi ziphaso zokhwima kwambiri. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti valavuyo imagwira ntchito bwino pakagwa moto. Kupanikizika kowonjezereka ndi chiopsezo chomwe chingapangitse mavalavu kusagwira ntchito. Ngati haidrojeni yamadzimadzi yagwidwa m'mimba mwa thupi la valavu ndipo kusamutsa kutentha ndi kuphulika kwa haidrojeni yamadzimadzi kumachitika nthawi yomweyo, zidzapangitsa kuti kuthamanga kukwere. Ngati pali kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya, phokoso la cavitation (cavitation)/phokoso limachitika. Zochitikazi zitha kupangitsa kuti valavu isamagwire ntchito msanga, komanso kutayika kwakukulu chifukwa cha zolakwika pa ntchito. Mosasamala kanthu za momwe zinthu zilili, ngati zinthu zomwe zili pamwambapa zitha kuganiziridwa mokwanira ndipo njira zotsutsana nazo zitha kutengedwa popanga, zitha kutsimikizira kuti valavu ikugwira ntchito bwino komanso modalirika. Kuphatikiza apo, pali zovuta pakupanga zokhudzana ndi mavuto azachilengedwe, monga kutayikira kwa mpweya. Hydrogen ndi yapadera: mamolekyu ang'onoang'ono, opanda mtundu, opanda fungo, komanso ophulika. Makhalidwe amenewa amatsimikizira kufunikira kopanda kutayikira.
Ku siteshoni ya North Las Vegas West Coast Hydrogen Liquefaction,
Mainjiniya a Wieland Valve akupereka ntchito zaukadaulo
Mayankho a ma valavu
Mosasamala kanthu za ntchito ndi mtundu wake, mavavu a ntchito zonse za haidrojeni yamadzimadzi ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zina. Zofunikira izi zikuphatikizapo: zipangizo za gawo la kapangidwe ziyenera kuonetsetsa kuti umphumphu wa kapangidwe kake ukusungidwa kutentha kochepa kwambiri; Zipangizo zonse ziyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zachilengedwe zotetezera moto. Pachifukwa chomwecho, zinthu zotsekera ndi kulongedza mavavu a haidrojeni yamadzimadzi ziyeneranso kukwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha Austenitic ndi chinthu choyenera mavavu a haidrojeni yamadzimadzi. Chili ndi mphamvu yabwino kwambiri yokhudza mphamvu, kutaya kutentha kochepa, ndipo chimatha kupirira kutentha kwakukulu. Palinso zipangizo zina zomwe zimayeneranso mikhalidwe ya haidrojeni yamadzimadzi, koma zimangogwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zinazake. Kuphatikiza pa kusankha zipangizo, tsatanetsatane wina wa kapangidwe sayenera kunyalanyazidwa, monga kutambasula tsinde la valavu ndikugwiritsa ntchito mzati wa mpweya kuteteza kulongedza kotsekera ku kutentha kochepa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kutambasula tsinde la valavu kumatha kukhala ndi mphete yotetezera kuti isawonongeke. Kupanga mavavu malinga ndi mikhalidwe yeniyeni yogwiritsira ntchito kumathandiza kupereka mayankho oyenera pazovuta zosiyanasiyana zaukadaulo. Vellan imapereka mavavu a gulugufe m'mapangidwe awiri osiyana: mavavu a gulugufe a gulugufe amitundu iwiri ndi atatu. Mapangidwe onsewa ali ndi mphamvu yoyenda mbali zonse ziwiri. Mwa kupanga mawonekedwe a diski ndi njira yozungulira, chisindikizo cholimba chingapezeke. Palibe dzenje m'thupi la valavu komwe kulibe malo otsalira. Pankhani ya valavu ya gulugufe ya Velan yozungulira kawiri, imagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka valavu yozungulira, kuphatikiza ndi njira yosiyana ya VELFLEX yotsekera, kuti ikwaniritse magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri otsekera valavu. Kapangidwe kameneka ka patent kamatha kupirira kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha mu valavu. TORQSEAL triple eccentric disc ilinso ndi njira yozungulira yopangidwira mwapadera yomwe imathandiza kuonetsetsa kuti pamwamba pa valavu yotsekera diski pangokhudza mpando pokhapokha ikafika pamalo otsekedwa ndipo sikanda. Chifukwa chake, mphamvu yotseka ya valavu imatha kuyendetsa diski kuti ikwaniritse mipando yogwirizana, ndikupanga zotsatira zokwanira pamalo otsekedwa a valavu, pomwe imapangitsa diski kukhudzana mofanana ndi kuzungulira konse kwa malo otsekedwa a mpando. Kutsatira kwa mpando wa valavu kumalola thupi la valavu ndi diski kukhala ndi ntchito "yodzisinthira yokha", motero kupewa kulanda diski panthawi yosinthasintha kwa kutentha. Shaft ya valavu yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri yolimbikitsidwa imatha kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri ndipo imagwira ntchito bwino kutentha kochepa kwambiri. Kapangidwe ka VELFLEX kawiri kosiyana ndi kamene kamalola kuti valavu ikonzedwe pa intaneti mwachangu komanso mosavuta. Chifukwa cha nyumba yake yam'mbali, mpando ndi diski zimatha kuyang'aniridwa kapena kukonzedwa mwachindunji, popanda kufunikira kochotsa actuator kapena zida zapadera.
Malingaliro a kampani Tianjin Tanggu Water-Seal Valve Co., Ltdakuthandiza ma valve okhala ndi ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri, kuphatikizapo okhala ndi ukadaulo wolimbavalavu ya gulugufe ya wafer, Valavu ya gulugufe, Valavu ya gulugufe yozungulira kawiri, Valavu ya gulugufe yozungulira kawiri,Chotsukira cha Y, valavu yolinganiza,Valavu yowunikira mbale ziwiri, ndi zina zotero.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-11-2023
