Mu uinjiniya wa mapaipi, kusankha bwino ma valve amagetsi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimatsimikizika kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito. Ngati valve yamagetsi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito sinasankhidwe bwino, sizingokhudza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kokha, komanso zimabweretsa zotsatirapo zoyipa kapena kutayika kwakukulu, motero, kusankha koyenera kwa ma valve amagetsi mu kapangidwe ka uinjiniya wa mapaipi.
Malo ogwirira ntchito a valavu yamagetsi
Kuwonjezera pa kusamala kwambiri za magawo a mapaipi, chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa ku momwe chilengedwe chikuyendera, chifukwa chipangizo chamagetsi chomwe chili mu valavu yamagetsi ndi chipangizo chamagetsi, ndipo momwe chimagwirira ntchito chimakhudzidwira kwambiri ndi malo ake ogwirira ntchito. Nthawi zambiri, malo ogwirira ntchito a valavu yamagetsi ndi awa:
1. Kuyika mkati kapena kugwiritsa ntchito panja pogwiritsa ntchito njira zodzitetezera;
2. Kuyika panja panja, ndi mphepo, mchenga, mvula ndi mame, kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi kukokoloka kwina;
3. Ili ndi mpweya kapena fumbi lotha kuyaka kapena kuphulika;
4. Malo otentha komanso ouma;
5. Kutentha kwa malo olumikizira mapaipi kumakhala kokwera kufika pa 480°C kapena kupitirira apo;
6. Kutentha kwa mlengalenga kuli pansi pa -20°C;
7. N'zosavuta kusefukira kapena kumizidwa m'madzi;
8. Malo okhala ndi zinthu zotulutsa ma radiation (malo opangira mphamvu za nyukiliya ndi zipangizo zoyesera zinthu zotulutsa ma radiation);
9. Malo omwe sitimayo kapena doko lake lili (ndi mchere wothira, nkhungu, ndi chinyezi);
10. Nthawi zina pamene munthu akugwedezeka kwambiri;
11. Nthawi zomwe zimayaka moto;
Pa mavavu amagetsi omwe ali m'malo omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, kapangidwe kake, zipangizo ndi miyeso yotetezera ya zida zamagetsi ndizosiyana. Chifukwa chake, chipangizo chamagetsi cha mavavu choyenera chiyenera kusankhidwa malinga ndi malo ogwirira ntchito omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa.
Zofunikira pa ntchito zamagetsimavavu
Malinga ndi zofunikira pakuwongolera uinjiniya, pa valavu yamagetsi, ntchito yowongolera imamalizidwa ndi chipangizo chamagetsi. Cholinga chogwiritsa ntchito mavalavu amagetsi ndikukwaniritsa njira yowongolera magetsi yosakhala yamanja kapena yowongolera makompyuta kuti mutsegule, kutseka, ndi kusintha mavalavu. Zipangizo zamagetsi zamasiku ano sizimangogwiritsidwa ntchito populumutsa mphamvu ya anthu. Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwakukulu kwa ntchito ndi mtundu wa zinthu kuchokera kwa opanga osiyanasiyana, kusankha zida zamagetsi ndi kusankha mavalavu ndikofunikira kwambiri pa ntchitoyi.
Kulamulira magetsi pamagetsimavavu
Chifukwa cha kusintha kosalekeza kwa zofunikira pa makina odzipangira okha m'mafakitale, mbali imodzi, kugwiritsa ntchito ma valve amagetsi kukuchulukirachulukira, ndipo mbali inayo, zofunikira pakuwongolera ma valve amagetsi zikuchulukirachulukira. Chifukwa chake, kapangidwe ka ma valve amagetsi pankhani yowongolera magetsi kamasinthidwanso nthawi zonse. Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ndi ukadaulo komanso kufalikira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta, njira zatsopano komanso zosiyanasiyana zowongolera magetsi zipitiliza kuwonekera. Pakuwongolera kwathunthu kwa magetsivalavu, chisamaliro chiyenera kuperekedwa pakusankha njira yowongolera ya valavu yamagetsi. Mwachitsanzo, malinga ndi zosowa za polojekitiyi, kaya kugwiritsa ntchito njira yowongolera yapakati, kapena njira imodzi yowongolera, kaya kulumikizana ndi zida zina, kuwongolera pulogalamu kapena kugwiritsa ntchito njira yowongolera pulogalamu ya pakompyuta, ndi zina zotero, mfundo yowongolera ndi yosiyana. Chitsanzo cha wopanga zida zamagetsi za valavu chimapereka mfundo yowongolera zamagetsi yokha, kotero dipatimenti yogwiritsira ntchito iyenera kufotokoza zaukadaulo ndi wopanga zida zamagetsi ndikulongosola zofunikira zaukadaulo. Kuphatikiza apo, posankha valavu yamagetsi, muyenera kuganizira ngati mugula chowongolera chamagetsi chowonjezera. Chifukwa nthawi zambiri, chowongolera chimayenera kugulidwa padera. Nthawi zambiri, mukagwiritsa ntchito chowongolera chimodzi, ndikofunikira kugula chowongolera, chifukwa ndikosavuta komanso kotsika mtengo kugula chowongolera kuposa kupanga ndi kupanga ndi wogwiritsa ntchito. Pamene magwiridwe antchito owongolera magetsi sangakwaniritse zofunikira pakupanga kwaukadaulo, wopanga ayenera kupemphedwa kuti asinthe kapena kusintha.
Chipangizo chamagetsi cha valve ndi chipangizo chomwe chimagwira ntchito yokonza ma valve, automatic control ndi remote control*, ndipo kayendetsedwe kake kakhoza kuyendetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa sitiroko, torque kapena axial thrust. Popeza makhalidwe ogwirira ntchito ndi kuchuluka kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka valve actuator zimadalira mtundu wa valve, momwe chipangizocho chimagwirira ntchito, komanso malo a valve pa payipi kapena zida, kusankha koyenera kwa valve actuator ndikofunikira kuti tipewe kupitirira muyeso (torque yogwira ntchito ndi yayikulu kuposa torque yowongolera). Kawirikawiri, maziko osankha bwino zida zamagetsi za valve ndi awa:
Mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito Mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito ndiyo gawo lalikulu posankha chipangizo chamagetsi cha valavu, ndipo mphamvu yotulutsa ya chipangizo chamagetsi iyenera kukhala nthawi 1.2 ~ 1.5 kuposa mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito ya valavu.
Pali makina awiri akuluakulu ogwiritsira ntchito chipangizo chamagetsi cha thrust valve: chimodzi sichili ndi thrust disc ndipo chimatulutsa torque mwachindunji; China ndi kukonza thrust plate, ndipo torque yotulutsa imasinthidwa kukhala thrust yotulutsa kudzera mu stem nut mu thrust plate.
Chiwerengero cha kuzungulira kozungulira kwa shaft yotulutsa ya chipangizo chamagetsi cha valavu chikugwirizana ndi m'mimba mwake wa valavu, mtunda wa tsinde ndi chiwerengero cha ulusi, zomwe ziyenera kuwerengedwa malinga ndi M=H/ZS (M ndi chiwerengero chonse cha kuzungulira komwe chipangizo chamagetsi chiyenera kukwaniritsa, H ndi kutalika kotsegulira kwa valavu, S ndi mtunda wa ulusi wa tsinde la valavu, ndipo Z ndi chiwerengero cha mitu yolumikizidwa yavalavutsinde).
Ngati tsinde lalikulu lololedwa ndi chipangizo chamagetsi silingadutse mu tsinde la valavu yokonzedwa, silingasonkhanitsidwe mu valavu yamagetsi. Chifukwa chake, tsinde lamkati la shaft yotulutsa yopanda kanthu ya actuator liyenera kukhala lalikulu kuposa tsinde lakunja la valavu yotseguka ya ndodo. Pa valavu yakuda ya ndodo mu valavu yozungulira pang'ono ndi valavu yozungulira yambiri, ngakhale vuto lodutsa la tsinde la valavu silinaganiziridwe, tsinde la valavu ndi kukula kwa keyway ziyeneranso kuganiziridwa mokwanira posankha, kuti ligwire ntchito bwino pambuyo pomanga.
Ngati liwiro lotsegula ndi kutseka la valavu yotulutsa mphamvu ndi lothamanga kwambiri, zimakhala zosavuta kupanga nyundo yamadzi. Chifukwa chake, liwiro lotsegula ndi kutseka loyenera liyenera kusankhidwa malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili.
Ma actuator a ma valve ali ndi zofunikira zawozawo, mwachitsanzo, ayenera kukhala okhoza kuzindikira mphamvu za torque kapena axial.valavuMa actuator amagwiritsa ntchito ma coupling oletsa torque. Kukula kwa chipangizo chamagetsi kukadziwika, torque yake yowongolera imadziwikiranso. Nthawi zambiri imayendetsedwa panthawi yoikidwiratu, mota sidzadzaza kwambiri. Komabe, ngati zinthu zotsatirazi zitachitika, zitha kuyambitsa overload: choyamba, magetsi amagetsi ndi otsika, ndipo torque yofunikira singapezeke, kotero kuti mota imasiya kuzungulira; chachiwiri ndikusintha molakwika njira yoletsa torque kuti ikhale yayikulu kuposa torque yoyimitsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti torque yochulukirapo ipitirire ndikuyimitsa mota; chachitatu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwakanthawi, ndipo kusonkhanitsa kutentha komwe kumachitika kumaposa mtengo wovomerezeka wa kukwera kwa kutentha kwa mota; Chachinayi, dera la njira yoletsa torque limalephera pazifukwa zina, zomwe zimapangitsa torque kukhala yayikulu kwambiri; Chachisanu, kutentha kwamlengalenga kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri, komwe kumachepetsa mphamvu ya kutentha kwa mota.
Kale, njira yotetezera injini inali kugwiritsa ntchito ma fuse, ma overcurrent relay, ma thermal relay, ma thermostat, ndi zina zotero, koma njirazi zili ndi ubwino ndi kuipa kwake. Palibe njira yodalirika yotetezera zida zosinthira monga zida zamagetsi. Chifukwa chake, mitundu yosiyanasiyana iyenera kutsatiridwa, yomwe ingaphatikizidwe m'mitundu iwiri: yoyamba ndi kuweruza kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa kwa mphamvu yolowera ya injini; yachiwiri ndi kuweruza momwe kutentha kwa injiniyo kumakhalira. Mwanjira iliyonse, njira iliyonse imaganizira nthawi yomwe yaperekedwa ya mphamvu yotenthetsera ya injiniyo.
Kawirikawiri, njira yodzitetezera yodzaza ndi zinthu zambiri ndi iyi: kuteteza mopitirira muyeso kuti injini igwire ntchito mosalekeza kapena igwire ntchito molimbika, pogwiritsa ntchito thermostat; Pofuna kuteteza rotor ya stall ya injini, ma thermal relay amagwiritsidwa ntchito; Pa ngozi za short-circuit, ma fuse kapena ma overcurrent relay amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Wokhala wolimba mtima kwambirimavavu a gulugufe,valavu ya chipata, valavu yoyezeratsatanetsatane, mutha kulumikizana nafe kudzera pa whatsapp kapena imelo.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-26-2024
