Mu engineering ya mapaipi, kusankha kolondola kwa mavavu amagetsi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zotsimikizira kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zogwiritsira ntchito. Ngati valavu yamagetsi yogwiritsidwa ntchito siidasankhidwe bwino, sizidzangokhudza kugwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso kubweretsa zotsatira zoipa kapena kutayika kwakukulu, choncho, kusankha kolondola kwa ma valve amagetsi mu kapangidwe ka umisiri wa payipi.
Malo ogwirira ntchito a valve yamagetsi
Kuphatikiza pa kulabadira magawo a mapaipi, chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa ku chilengedwe cha ntchito yake, chifukwa chipangizo chamagetsi mu valavu yamagetsi ndi chida cha electromechanical, ndipo momwe ntchito yake imakhudzidwira kwambiri ndi malo ake ogwira ntchito. Nthawi zambiri, malo ogwirira ntchito a valve yamagetsi ndi awa:
1. Kuyika m'nyumba kapena kugwiritsa ntchito panja ndi njira zodzitetezera;
2. Kuyika panja panja, ndi mphepo, mchenga, mvula ndi mame, kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi kukokoloka kwina;
3. Ili ndi mpweya woyaka kapena wophulika kapena fumbi;
4. Malo otentha otentha, owuma;
5. Kutentha kwa sing'anga yamapaipi ndipamwamba kwambiri mpaka 480 ° C kapena pamwamba;
6. Kutentha kozungulira kumakhala pansi -20 ° C;
7. Ndikosavuta kusefukira kapena kumizidwa m'madzi;
8. Malo okhala ndi zida zotulutsa ma radio (zomera zamagetsi za nyukiliya ndi zida zoyeserera za radioactive);
9. Chilengedwe cha sitimayo kapena doko (ndi mchere wopopera, nkhungu, ndi chinyezi);
10. Nthawi ndi kugwedezeka kwakukulu;
11. Nthawi zambiri pamoto;
Kwa ma valve amagetsi m'madera omwe tawatchula pamwambapa, mapangidwe, zipangizo ndi njira zotetezera zipangizo zamagetsi ndizosiyana. Choncho, chipangizo choyendera magetsi cha valve chiyenera kusankhidwa molingana ndi malo omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa.
Zofunikira zamagetsi zamagetsimavavu
Malingana ndi zofunikira zoyendetsera uinjiniya, pa valve yamagetsi, ntchito yolamulira imatsirizidwa ndi chipangizo chamagetsi. Cholinga chogwiritsa ntchito mavavu amagetsi ndikuzindikira kuwongolera magetsi osagwiritsa ntchito pamanja kapena kuwongolera makompyuta pakutsegula, kutseka ndikusintha kulumikizana kwa ma valve. Masiku ano zipangizo zamagetsi sizimangogwiritsidwa ntchito kupulumutsa anthu. Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwakukulu kwa ntchito ndi khalidwe la mankhwala kuchokera kwa opanga osiyanasiyana, kusankha zipangizo zamagetsi ndi kusankha ma valve ndizofunikira mofanana ndi polojekitiyi.
Kuwongolera kwamagetsi kwamagetsimavavu
Chifukwa cha kusintha kosalekeza kwa zofunikira za mafakitale, kumbali imodzi, kugwiritsa ntchito ma valve amagetsi akuwonjezeka, ndipo kumbali ina, zofunikira zoyendetsera magetsi zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Choncho, mapangidwe a ma valve a magetsi okhudza kayendetsedwe ka magetsi amasinthidwanso nthawi zonse. Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ndi ukadaulo komanso kutchuka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta, njira zatsopano zowongolera zamagetsi zidzapitilira kuwonekera. Pakuti ulamuliro wonse wa magetsivalavu, chidwi chiyenera kuperekedwa pakusankhidwa kwa njira yolamulira ya valve yamagetsi. Mwachitsanzo, malinga ndi zosowa za polojekitiyi, kaya kugwiritsa ntchito njira yapakati yolamulira, kapena njira imodzi yokha yolamulira, kaya kugwirizana ndi zipangizo zina, kulamulira pulogalamu kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu a makompyuta, ndi zina zotero, mfundo yolamulira ndi yosiyana. . Zitsanzo za wopanga zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zimangopereka mfundo yoyendetsera magetsi, kotero dipatimenti yogwiritsira ntchito iyenera kufotokozera zaukadaulo ndi wopanga zida zamagetsi ndikuwunikira zofunikira zaukadaulo. Kuonjezera apo, posankha valavu yamagetsi, muyenera kuganizira ngati mutagula chowongolera chowonjezera chamagetsi. Chifukwa kawirikawiri, woyang'anira amafunika kugulidwa mosiyana. Nthawi zambiri, mukamagwiritsa ntchito chiwongolero chimodzi, ndikofunikira kugula wowongolera, chifukwa ndizosavuta komanso zotsika mtengo kugula wowongolera kuposa kupanga ndi kupanga ndi wogwiritsa ntchito. Pamene mphamvu yoyendetsera magetsi ikulephera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kamangidwe ka uinjiniya, wopanga ayenera kuganiziridwa kuti asinthe kapena kukonzanso.
Chipangizo chamagetsi cha valve ndi chipangizo chomwe chimazindikira pulojekiti ya valve, kuyendetsa basi ndi kulamulira kutali *, ndipo kayendetsedwe kake kakhoza kuyendetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa stroke, torque kapena axial thrust. Popeza mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwa valve actuator zimadalira mtundu wa valavu, momwe chipangizocho chimagwirira ntchito, komanso malo a valve papaipi kapena zipangizo, kusankha koyenera kwa valve actuator n'kofunika kuti tipewe kulemetsa ( torque yogwira ntchito ndiyokwera kuposa torque yowongolera). Nthawi zambiri, maziko a kusankha kolondola kwa zida zamagetsi za valve ndi motere:
Makokedwe ogwiritsira ntchitoMakokedwe ogwiritsira ntchito ndiye gawo lalikulu pakusankha chipangizo chamagetsi cha valavu, ndipo torque yotulutsa ya chipangizo chamagetsi iyenera kukhala 1.2 ~ 1.5 nthawi za torque ya valve.
Pali zida ziwiri zazikulu zamakina zogwiritsira ntchito chipangizo chamagetsi cha valavu: imodzi ilibe zida zowongolera ndipo imatuluka molunjika; Chinanso ndikukonza mbale yothamangitsira, ndipo torque yotulutsa imasinthidwa kukhala kutulutsa kwa nati wa tsinde mu thrust plate.
Chiwerengero cha matembenuzidwe ozungulira a shaft yotulutsa ya chipangizo chamagetsi cha valavu chikugwirizana ndi m'mimba mwake mwadzina la valavu, phula la tsinde ndi kuchuluka kwa ulusi, zomwe ziyenera kuwerengedwa molingana ndi M = H / ZS (M ndi kuchuluka kwa kuzungulira komwe chipangizo chamagetsi chiyenera kukumana nacho, H ndiye kutalika kwa valavu, S ndi ulusi wa tsinde la valve, ndipo Z ndi chiwerengero cha mitu ya ulusi.valavutsinde).
Ngati tsinde lalikulu lomwe limaloledwa ndi chipangizo chamagetsi silingadutse tsinde la valavu yokhala ndi zida, silingasonkhanitsidwe mu valve yamagetsi. Choncho, m'mimba mwake mkati mwa dzenje lotulutsa shaft la actuator liyenera kukhala lalikulu kuposa m'mimba mwake lakunja kwa tsinde la valavu yotseguka. Kwa valavu yakuda yakuda mu valavu yozungulira pang'ono ndi valavu yamitundu yambiri, ngakhale kuti vuto lodutsa la tsinde la valve siliganiziridwa, kutalika kwa tsinde la valve ndi kukula kwa keyway ziyenera kuganiziridwanso mokwanira posankha, kotero kuti ikhoza kugwira ntchito bwino pambuyo pa msonkhano.
Ngati kutsegulira ndi kutseka kwa valve yothamanga kwambiri, ndikosavuta kupanga nyundo yamadzi. Choncho, liwiro loyenera lotsegula ndi kutseka liyenera kusankhidwa malinga ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito.
Ma valve actuators ali ndi zofunikira zawo zapadera, mwachitsanzo, ayenera kufotokozera mphamvu za torque kapena axial. Kawirikawirivalavuma actuators amagwiritsa ntchito ma torque oletsa ma torque. Pamene kukula kwa chipangizo chamagetsi kumatsimikiziridwa, torque yake yolamulira imatsimikiziridwanso. Nthawi zambiri imathamanga pa nthawi yoikidwiratu, injini sidzadzaza. Komabe, ngati zotsatirazi zikuchitika, zingayambitse kuchulukirachulukira: choyamba, mphamvu yamagetsi imakhala yochepa, ndipo torque yofunikira siyingapezeke, kotero kuti galimotoyo imasiya kuzungulira; chachiwiri ndikuwongolera molakwika makina oletsa ma torque kuti akhale okulirapo kuposa ma torque oyimitsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale torque yambiri ndikuyimitsa injiniyo; chachitatu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito pakapita nthawi, ndipo kutentha komwe kumapangidwa kumaposa mtengo wovomerezeka wa kutentha kwa injini; Chachinayi, kuzungulira kwa makina oletsa ma torque kumalephera pazifukwa zina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti torque ikhale yayikulu kwambiri; Chachisanu, kutentha kozungulira ndikwambiri, zomwe zimachepetsa kutentha kwa injini.
M'mbuyomu, njira yotetezera injini inali kugwiritsa ntchito fuse, ma relay opitilira muyeso, matenthedwe otenthetsera, ma thermostats, ndi zina zambiri, koma njirazi zili ndi zabwino ndi zovuta zake. Palibe njira yodalirika yotetezera zida zonyamula katundu zosiyanasiyana monga zida zamagetsi. Choncho, kuphatikiza kosiyanasiyana kuyenera kutengedwa, komwe kungathe kufotokozedwa mwachidule mu mitundu iwiri: imodzi ndiyo kuweruza kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa kwa magetsi olowera; Chachiwiri ndikuweruza kutentha kwa injini yokha. Mwanjira iliyonse, njira iliyonse imaganizira nthawi yomwe yaperekedwa ya mphamvu ya kutentha kwa injini.
Nthawi zambiri, njira yodzitetezera yolemetsa ndi: chitetezo chochulukira kuti chigwire ntchito mosalekeza kapena kuyendetsa galimoto, pogwiritsa ntchito thermostat; Pofuna kuteteza makina opangira magetsi, relay yotentha imatengedwa; Pangozi zazifupi, ma fuse kapena ma relay opitilira muyeso amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
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Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-26-2024
