Ntchito Zazikulu & Mfundo Zosankhira za Mavavu

Mavavu ndi gawo lofunikira pamakina a mapaipi a mafakitale ndipo amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri popanga.

Ⅰ. Ntchito yaikulu ya valve

1.1 Kusintha ndi kudula media:valve pachipata, valavu ya butterfly, valavu ya mpira ikhoza kusankhidwa;

1.2 Pewani kubwerera m'mbuyo kwa sing'anga:chekeni valavuakhoza kusankhidwa;

1.3 Sinthani kuthamanga ndi kuthamanga kwa sing'anga: valavu yotseka ndi valve yolamulira;

1.4 Kupatukana, kusakaniza kapena kugawa media: plug valve,valve pachipata, valavu yowongolera ikhoza kusankhidwa;

1.5 Pewani kupanikizika kwapakatikati kuti zisapitirire mtengo wotchulidwa kuti muwonetsetse kuti payipi kapena zipangizo zikuyenda bwino: valve yotetezera ikhoza kusankhidwa.

Kusankhidwa kwa ma valve makamaka kuchokera kumaganizo a ntchito yopanda mavuto ndi chuma.

Ⅱ. Ntchito ya valve

Pali zinthu zingapo zofunika zomwe zikukhudzidwa, ndipo apa pali kukambirana mwatsatanetsatane za izo:

2.1 Mtundu wamadzimadzi otumizira

Mtundu wa Fluid: Kaya madzimadzi ndi madzi, gasi, kapena nthunzi zimakhudza mwachindunji kusankha kwa valve. Mwachitsanzo, zamadzimadzi zingafunike valavu yotseka, pamene mpweya ukhoza kukhala woyenera kwambiri pamavavu a mpira. Kuwononga: Zinthu zamadzimadzi zowononga zimafuna zinthu zolimbana ndi dzimbiri monga zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kapena ma aloyi apadera. Viscosity: Madzi othamanga kwambiri angafunike ma diameter akulu kapena ma valve opangidwa mwapadera kuti achepetse kutsekeka. Zomwe zili mu tinthu ting'onoting'ono: Zamadzimadzi zomwe zimakhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'ono ting'ono ting'ono ting'ono.

2.2 Ntchito ya valve

Kusintha kwakusintha: Nthawi zomwe zimangofunika kusintha, ma valve a mpira kapenama valve pachipatandi zosankha wamba.

Kuwongolera Mayendedwe: Pakafunika kuwongolera koyenda bwino, ma valve a globe kapena ma valve owongolera amakhala oyenera.

Kupewa Kubwerera Kumbuyo:Onani ma valveamagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza madzi kubwerera.

Shunt kapena Phatikizani: Vavu yanjira zitatu kapena valavu yanjira zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupatutsa kapena kuphatikiza.

2.3 Kukula kwa valve

Kukula kwa chitoliro: Kukula kwa vavu kuyenera kufanana ndi kukula kwa chitoliro kuti zitsimikizire kuti njira yamadzimadzi yosalala. Zofunikira zoyenda: Kukula kwa valve kumafunika kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake, ndipo zazikulu kapena zochepa kwambiri zidzakhudza kugwira ntchito bwino. Malo Oyikirapo: Zolepheretsa malo oyika zimatha kukhudza kusankha kukula kwa valve.

2.4 Kukana kutayika kwa valve

Kutsika kwapanikizi: Vavu iyenera kuchepetsa kutsika kwamphamvu kuti isakhudze magwiridwe antchito.

Mapangidwe amayendedwe oyenda: Mavavu athunthu, monga ma valve odzaza mpira, amachepetsa kutayika.

Mtundu wa Vavu: Ma valve ena, monga ma valve a butterfly, amakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa akatsegulidwa, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala oyenera kutsika kwapansi.

2.5 Kutentha kwa ntchito ndi kuthamanga kwa valve

Kutentha kosiyanasiyana: Zida za valve zimafunika kuti zigwirizane ndi kutentha kwamadzimadzi, ndipo zinthu zosagwira kutentha ziyenera kusankhidwa m'malo otentha kwambiri kapena otsika.

Kupanikizika kwapakati: Valavu iyenera kupirira kupanikizika kwakukulu kwa dongosolo, ndipo dongosolo lapamwamba liyenera kusankha valavu yokhala ndi mphamvu yapamwamba.

Kuphatikizika kwa kutentha ndi kupanikizika: Kutentha kwakukulu ndi malo othamanga kwambiri kumafuna kulingalira mwapadera za mphamvu zakuthupi ndi kusindikiza katundu.

2.6 Zinthu za valve

Kukana kwa dzimbiri: Sankhani zinthu zoyenera kutengera kuwonongeka kwamadzimadzi, monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, Hastelloy, ndi zina zambiri.

Mphamvu zamakina: Zida za valve zimafunika kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira zamakina kuti zipirire kukakamiza kogwira ntchito.

Kusinthasintha kwa kutentha: Zinthuzo zimafunika kuti zigwirizane ndi kutentha kwa ntchito, malo otentha kwambiri amafunikira zipangizo zosagwira kutentha, ndipo malo otsika amafunikira zipangizo zozizira.

Chuma: Pamalingaliro okwaniritsa zofunikira pakugwirira ntchito, sankhani zida zomwe zili ndi chuma chabwinoko.