Zogulitsa ma valavu pamsika wamagetsi obiriwira

1. Mphamvu Yobiriwira Padziko Lonse
Malinga ndi International Energy Agency (IEA), kuchuluka kwa malonda opanga mphamvu zoyera kudzakwera katatu pofika chaka cha 2030. Magwero amphamvu oyera omwe akukula mofulumira kwambiri ndi mphepo ndi dzuwa, zomwe pamodzi zimapangitsa 12% ya mphamvu zonse zamagetsi mu 2022, zomwe zakwera ndi 10% poyerekeza ndi 2021. Europe ikadali mtsogoleri pakukula kwa mphamvu zobiriwira. Ngakhale BP yachepetsa ndalama zomwe idayika mu mphamvu zobiriwira, makampani ena, monga Empresa Nazionale dell'Electricità (Enel) yaku Italy ndi Energia Portuguesa (EDP) yaku Portugal, akupitilizabe kuchitapo kanthu mwamphamvu. European Union, yomwe yatsimikiza mtima kukangana ndi US ndi China, yachepetsa zilolezo zamapulojekiti obiriwira pomwe ikulola ndalama zambiri zothandizira boma. Izi zapeza chithandizo champhamvu kuchokera ku Germany, yomwe cholinga chake ndi kupanga 80% ya magetsi ake kuchokera ku magetsi obwezerezedwanso pofika chaka cha 2030 ndipo yamanga ma gigawatts 30 (GW) a mphamvu ya mphepo yakunja.

Mphamvu zamagetsi zobiriwira zikukwera ndi 12.8% mu 2022. Saudi Arabia yalengeza kuti iyika ndalama zokwana $266.4 biliyoni mumakampani opanga magetsi obiriwira. Mapulojekiti ambiri akuchitidwa ndi Masdar, kampani yamagetsi ya United Arab Emirates yomwe ikugwira ntchito ku Middle East, Central Asia ndi Africa. Kontinenti ya Africa ikukumananso ndi kusowa kwa mphamvu zamagetsi pamene mphamvu zamagetsi zamadzi zikuchepa. South Africa, yomwe yakhala ikuzima mobwerezabwereza, ikukakamiza malamulo kuti apititse patsogolo mapulojekiti amagetsi. Mayiko ena omwe akuyang'ana kwambiri mapulojekiti amagetsi ndi Zimbabwe (komwe China idzamanga malo opangira magetsi oyandama), Morocco, Kenya, Ethiopia, Zambia ndi Egypt. Pulogalamu yamagetsi obiriwira ku Australia ikugwiranso ntchito, ndipo boma lamakono likuwirikiza kawiri kuchuluka kwa mapulojekiti amagetsi oyera omwe avomerezedwa mpaka pano. Ndondomeko yopangira mphamvu zoyera yomwe idatulutsidwa mu Seputembala watha ikuwonetsa kuti $40 biliyoni idzagwiritsidwa ntchito posintha malo opangira magetsi a malasha kukhala malo opangira mphamvu zobwezerezedwanso. Potembenukira ku Asia, makampani opanga magetsi a dzuwa ku India akwaniritsa kukula kwakukulu, pozindikira kusintha kwa gasi wachilengedwe, koma kugwiritsa ntchito malasha sikunasinthe kwenikweni. Dzikoli lidzapereka mapulojekiti 8 a mphamvu za mphepo pachaka mpaka chaka cha 2030. China ikukonzekera kumanga malo opangira magetsi a dzuwa ndi mphepo okwana 450 GW okhala ndi mphamvu zambiri m'chigawo cha Gobi Desert.

2. Zogulitsa ma valavu pamsika wamagetsi obiriwira
Pali mwayi wochuluka wamabizinesi mu mitundu yonse ya ma valve. Mwachitsanzo, OHL Gutermuth, imagwira ntchito kwambiri ndi ma valve amphamvu kwambiri opangira magetsi a dzuwa. Kampaniyo yaperekanso ma valve apadera ku fakitale yayikulu kwambiri yamagetsi a dzuwa ku Dubai ndipo yakhala ngati mlangizi kwa kampani yopanga zida zaku China ya Shanghai Electric Group. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino, Valmet idalengeza kuti ipereka mayankho a ma valve ku fakitale yobiriwira ya hydrogen yochuluka gigawatt.

Zinthu zomwe Samson Pfeiffer amapanga zikuphatikizapo ma valve odzimitsa okha kuti apange haidrojeni yoteteza chilengedwe komanso ma valve a mafakitale a electrolysis. Chaka chatha, AUMA idapereka ma actuator makumi anayi ku fakitale yatsopano yamagetsi ya geothermal m'chigawo cha Chinshui ku Taiwan Province. Anapangidwa kuti azitha kupirira malo owononga kwambiri, chifukwa amatha kukumana ndi kutentha kwambiri komanso chinyezi chambiri mu mpweya wa acidic.

Monga kampani yopanga zinthu, Waters Valve ikupitiliza kufulumizitsa kusintha kwa zinthu zobiriwira ndikuwonjezera kubiriwira kwa zinthu zake, ndipo yadzipereka kupititsa patsogolo lingaliro la chitukuko cha zinthu zobiriwira popanga ndi kugwira ntchito kwa bizinesiyo, kufulumizitsa luso ndi kukweza zinthu zachitsulo ndi zitsulo, monga ma valve a gulugufe (mavavu a gulugufe okulungira, ma valve a gulugufe apakati,mavavu a gulugufe ofewa, ma valve a gulugufe a rabara, ndi ma valve a gulugufe akuluakulu), ma valve a mpira (ma valve a hemispherical eccentric), ma valve owunikira, ma valve otulutsira mpweya, ma valve otsutsana, ma valve oletsa,mavavu a chipatandi zina zotero, ndikubweretsa zinthu zobiriwira. Kankhirani zinthu zobiriwira padziko lonse lapansi.