A choyimitsaValavu ndi [1] valavu yolunjika yomwe imatseguka ndi kutseka mwachangu, ndipo imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri pazida zokhala ndi tinthu tomwe timapachikidwa chifukwa cha kupukuta kwa kayendedwe pakati pa malo otsekerera ndi chitetezo chokwanira kuti isakhudze cholumikizira choyenda ikatsegulidwa kwathunthu. Chinthu china chofunikira ndichakuti n'chosavuta kusintha kuti chigwirizane ndi zomangamanga za njira zambiri, kotero kuti valavu imodzi imatha kupeza njira ziwiri, zitatu, kapena zinayi zosiyanasiyana zoyendera. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kapangidwe ka mapaipi kakhale kosavuta, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mavavu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso kuchepetsa kulumikizana komwe kumafunika mu zida.
Momwe imagwirira ntchito ma Valves ndichoyimitsaMabowo okhala ndi mabowo olowera ngati ziwalo zotsegulira ndi kutseka. Thupi la pulagi limazungulira ndi tsinde la [2] kuti likwaniritse ntchito yotsegula ndi kutseka. Valavu yaying'ono, yopanda kanthu, yolumikizidwanso imadziwikanso kuti "cocker". Thupi la pulagi la valavu ya pulagi nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi cone (palinso thupi lozungulira), lomwe limafanana ndi pamwamba pa chozungulira cha thupi la valavu kuti lipange awiri otsekera. Valavu ya pulagi ndi mtundu woyamba wa valavu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito, wokhala ndi kapangidwe kosavuta, kutsegula ndi kutseka mwachangu, komanso kukana madzi pang'ono. Mavalavu wamba a pulagi amadalira kukhudzana mwachindunji pakati pa thupi la pulagi yachitsulo yomalizidwa ndi thupi la valavu kuti atseke, kotero kutsekako ndi koipa, mphamvu yotsegulira ndi kutseka ndi yayikulu, yosavuta kuvala, ndipo nthawi zambiri ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pokhapokha ngati pali kuthamanga kochepa (kosapitirira 1 megapascal) ndi mainchesi ang'onoang'ono (osakwana 100 mm).
Cchepetsa
Malinga ndi kapangidwe kake, kagawidwe kake kakhoza kugawidwa m'mitundu inayi: valavu yolumikizira yolimba, valavu yolumikizira yokha, valavu yolumikizira ndi valavu yolumikizira mafuta. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe a njira, kagawidwe kake kakhoza kugawidwa m'mitundu itatu: valavu yolumikizira yolunjika, valavu yolumikizira njira zitatu ndi valavu yolumikizira njira zinayi. Palinso mavalavu olumikizira machubu.
Ma valve olumikizira amagawidwa m'magulu malinga ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito kuphatikizapo: ma valve olumikizira ofewa, ma valve olumikizira okhazikika opaka mafuta, ma valve olumikizira opangidwa ndi poppet, ma valve olumikizira opangidwa ndi njira zitatu ndi ma valve olumikizira anayi.
Ubwino
1. Valavu yolumikizira imagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi, ndipo kutsegula ndi kutseka kumakhala kofulumira komanso kopepuka.
2. Kukana kwa madzi kwa valavu ya pulagi ndi kochepa.
3. Valavu yolumikizira ili ndi kapangidwe kosavuta, kakang'ono, kopepuka komanso kosavuta kukonza.
4. Kugwira ntchito bwino potseka.
5. Sichimachepetsedwa ndi njira yoyikira, ndipo njira yoyendetsera kayendedwe ka sing'anga ikhoza kukhala yosiyana.
6. Palibe kugwedezeka, phokoso lochepa.
Ma valve otseka zipata zofewa
Valavu yofewa yotsekera chitseko, valavu ya mafakitale, valavu yofewa yotsekera chitseko ndi ya nkhosa zamphongo, njira yoyendetsera ng'ombe yamphongo ndi yolunjika ku mbali ya madzi, valavu ya chitseko imatha kutsegulidwa ndi kutsekedwa kwathunthu, singathe kusinthidwa ndikukankhidwa. Nkhosa yamphongo ili ndi malo awiri otsekera, valavu ya chitseko yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri imakhala ndi malo awiri otsekera, ngodya ya wedge imasiyana malinga ndi magawo a valavu, m'mimba mwake ndi DN50 ~ DN1200, kutentha kwa ntchito: ≤200°C.
Mfundo ya malonda
Chipata cha wedgevalavu ya chipatae ikhoza kupangidwa kukhala chinthu chonse, chomwe chimatchedwa chipata cholimba; Ikhozanso kupangidwa kukhala nkhosa yomwe ingapangitse kusintha pang'ono kuti ikonze bwino kupanga kwake ndikubwezera kupotoka kwa ngodya yotsekera pamwamba pa ntchito yokonza, yomwe imatchedwa nkhosa yosalala.
Chisindikizo chofewamavavu a chipataamagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: ndodo yotsegukavalavu yofewa yotseka chitsekondi chisindikizo chofewa cha ndodo yakudavalavu ya chipataKawirikawiri pamakhala ulusi wa trapezoidal pa ndodo yonyamulira, womwe umasintha kayendedwe kozungulira kukhala koyenda molunjika kudzera mu nati pakati pa ram ndi groove yotsogolera pa thupi la valavu, ndiko kuti, mphamvu yogwirira ntchito kulowa mu thrust yogwirira ntchito. Valvu ikatsegulidwa, kutalika kwa ram lift kumakhala kofanana ndi nthawi 1:1 kuposa kukula kwa valavu, kuyenda kwa madzi kumakhala kosasunthika konse, koma malo awa sangayang'aniridwe panthawi yogwira ntchito. Pakugwiritsa ntchito kwenikweni, imawonetsedwa ndi vertex ya tsinde, ndiko kuti, malo omwe sangatsegulidwe, ngati malo ake otseguka kwathunthu. Pofuna kuwerengera kutsekeka chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kutentha, nthawi zambiri imatsegulidwa pamalo apamwamba kenako nkubwerera mmbuyo 1/2-1 ngati malo a valavu yotseguka kwathunthu. Chifukwa chake, malo otseguka kwathunthu a valavu amatsimikiziridwa ndi malo a ram (monga stroke). Mtundu uwu wa valavu nthawi zambiri uyenera kuyikidwa mopingasa mu payipi.
Zofunikira Zonse
1. Mafotokozedwe ndi magulu amavavu ofewa otsekereza zipataayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za zikalata zopangira mapaipi.
2. Chitsanzo cha valavu yofewa yotsekera chitseko chiyenera kusonyeza zofunikira za nambala ya dziko malinga ndi muyezo wake. Ngati ndi muyezo wa kampani, kufotokozera koyenera kwa chitsanzocho kuyenera kufotokozedwa.
3. Kupanikizika kwa ntchito kwavalavu yofewa yotseka chitsekoimafuna kuthamanga kwa ntchito kwa ≥ payipi, popanda kukhudza mtengo, kuthamanga kwa ntchito komwe valavu ingathe kunyamula kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kuposa kuthamanga kwenikweni kwa ntchito kwa payipi, ndipo mbali iliyonse ya valavu yofewa yotsekera chitseko iyenera kukhala yokhoza kupirira kuchulukitsa kwa kuthamanga kwa ntchito kwa valavu popanda kutayikira;
4. Muyezo wopanga wavalavu yofewa yotseka chitsekoiyenera kusonyeza nambala ya muyezo wa dziko lonse yozikidwa pa iyo, ndipo ngati ndi muyezo wa bizinesi, chikalata cha bizinesi chiyenera kulumikizidwa ku mgwirizano wogula.
Chachiwiri, valavu yofewa yolumikizira chipata
1. Zinthu zomwe zili mkati mwa valavu ziyenera kukhala chitsulo chosungunuka, chitsulo chosungunuka, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, 316L, ndipo kalasi ndi deta yeniyeni yoyesera ya chitsulo chosungunuka iyenera kufotokozedwa.
2. Chitsulocho chiyenera kuyesetsa kukhala chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri (2CR13), ndipo valavu yayikulu iyeneranso kukhala chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chophimbidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.
3. Natiyo imapangidwa ndi mkuwa wa aluminiyamu wopangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena mkuwa wa aluminiyamu wopangidwa ndi chitsulo, ndipo kuuma ndi mphamvu zake zimakhala zazikulu kuposa za tsinde la valavu.
4. Kulimba ndi mphamvu ya zinthu zomangira tsinde siziyenera kukhala zazikulu kuposa za tsinde la valavu, ndipo sipayenera kukhala dzimbiri la electrochemical ndi tsinde la valavu ndi thupi la valavu pansi pa mkhalidwe womizidwa m'madzi.
5. Zinthu zomwe zili pamwamba pa chitseko
(1) Mitundu ya chisindikizo chofewavalavu ya chipatas ndi zosiyana, ndipo njira zotsekera ndi zofunikira pazinthu ndizosiyana;
(2) Pa ma valve wamba a chipata cha wedge, zinthu, njira yokonzera ndi njira yopera mphete yamkuwa ziyenera kufotokozedwa;
(3) Deta yoyesera za fizikochemical ndi ukhondo ya valavu yofewa yotsekera chipata ndi zinthu zoyikamo mbale ya valavu;
6. Kulongedza shaft ya valavu
(1) Chifukwa chisindikizo chofewavalavu ya chipataMu netiweki ya chitoliro nthawi zambiri mumakhala kutsegula ndi kutseka kosachitika kawirikawiri, kulongedza kumafunika kukhala kosagwira ntchito kwa zaka zingapo, ndipo kulongedza sikukalamba, ndipo kutseka kumasungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali;
(2) Kuyika ma valve kuyeneranso kukhala kosatha pamene kukutsegulidwa ndi kutsekedwa pafupipafupi;
(3) Poganizira zofunikira zomwe zili pamwambapa, kulongedza kwa shaft ya valve kumayesetsa kuti kusasinthidwe kwa moyo wonse kapena zaka zoposa khumi;
(4) Ngati phukusi likufunika kusinthidwa, kapangidwe ka valavu ya pneumatic kayenera kuganizira njira zomwe zingasinthidwe malinga ndi kuthamanga kwa madzi.
Chachitatu, njira yogwiritsira ntchito chisindikizo chofewavalavu ya chipata
3.1 Njira yotsegulira ndi kutsekera ya valavu yofewa yotsekera chitseko ikagwiritsidwa ntchito iyenera kutsekedwa motsatira wotchi.
3.2 Popeza valavu yopyoka mpweya mu netiweki ya mapaipi nthawi zambiri imatsegulidwa ndi kutsekedwa pamanja, kuchuluka kwa kuzungulira kotsegulira ndi kutseka sikuyenera kukhala kochuluka kwambiri, ndiko kuti, valavu yayikulu iyeneranso kukhala mkati mwa kuzungulira 200-600.
3.3 Kuti munthu m'modzi athe kutsegula ndi kutseka bwino, mphamvu yayikulu yotsegulira ndi kutseka iyenera kukhala 240N-m ngati payipi yapanikizika.
3.4 Mapeto a ntchito yotsegulira ndi kutseka ya valavu yofewa yotsekera ayenera kukhala a sikweya tenon, ndipo kukula kuyenera kukhala kofanana, ndikuyang'ana pansi, kuti anthu athe kugwira ntchito mwachindunji kuchokera pansi. Mavalavu okhala ndi ma disc disc sali oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'maukonde apansi panthaka.
3.5 chiwonetsero cha digiri yotsegulira ndi kutseka ya chisindikizo chofewavalavu ya chipata
(1) Chizindikiro cha sikelo cha digiri yotsegulira ndi kutseka ya valavu yofewa yotsekera chidebe chiyenera kuponyedwa pa chivundikiro cha gearbox kapena pa chipolopolo cha display disc mutasintha njira, zonse zikuyang'ana pansi, ndipo chizindikiro cha sikelocho chiyenera kupakidwa ndi phosphors kuti chiwonetsetse kuti chikuwoneka bwino;
(2) Zipangizo za singano ya disc yosonyeza zitha kupangidwa ndi mbale yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ngati zikusamalidwa bwino, apo ayi ndi mbale yachitsulo yopakidwa utoto, ndipo siziyenera kupangidwa ndi khungu la aluminiyamu;
(3) Singano ya diski yosonyeza chizindikiro ndi yokongola, yokhazikika bwino, ikangosinthidwa bwino kutsegula ndi kutseka, iyenera kutsekedwa ndi ma rivets.
3.6 Ngati valavu yofewa yotsekeramo zinthu yabisika mozama, ndipo mtunda pakati pa makina ogwiritsira ntchito ndi gulu lowonetsera ndi pansi ndi ≥1.5m, iyenera kukhala ndi chowonjezera ndodo, ndipo iyenera kukhazikika mwamphamvu kuti anthu athe kuwona ndikugwira ntchito kuchokera pansi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, kutsegula ndi kutseka kwa valavu mu netiweki ya mapaipi sikoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa nthaka.
Chachinayi, mayeso a magwiridwe antchito a chisindikizo chofewavalavu ya chipata
4.1 Pamene valavu imapangidwa m'magulu a mfundo inayake, bungwe lovomerezeka liyenera kupatsidwa udindo woyesa magwiridwe antchito otsatirawa:
(1) Mphamvu yotsegulira ndi kutseka ya valavu pansi pa mkhalidwe wa kuthamanga kogwira ntchito;
(2) Pansi pa vuto la kuthamanga kwa ntchito, imatha kuonetsetsa kuti nthawi yotsegulira ndi kutseka yavalavukutseka mwamphamvu;
(3) Kuzindikira mphamvu yolimbana ndi kayendedwe ka madzi mu valavu malinga ndi kayendedwe ka madzi m'mapaipi.
4.2 Thevalavuayenera kuyesedwa motere asanatuluke mufakitale:
(1) Valvu ikatsegulidwa, thupi la valve liyenera kupirira mayeso amkati okakamiza kawiri kuposa mphamvu yogwirira ntchito ya valve;
(2) Valavu ikatsekedwa, mbali zonse ziwiri zimakhala ndi mphamvu yogwira ntchito yokwana 1.1 kuposa mphamvu yogwira ntchito ya valavu, ndipo palibe kutayikira, koma kutayikira kwa valavu ya gulugufe yotsekedwa ndi chitsulo sikoposa zofunikira zoyenera.
Chachisanu, choletsa dzimbiri cha valavu yofewa yoteteza chitseko
5.1 Mkati ndi kunja kwa thupi la valavu (kuphatikizapo bokosi losinthira liwiro), choyamba, kuphulitsa mfuti, kuchotsa mchenga ndi kuchotsa dzimbiri kuyenera kuchitika, ndipo utomoni wa epoxy wopanda poizoni uyenera kupopedwa ndi magetsi, ndi makulidwe opitilira 0.3mm. Ngati kuli kovuta kupopera utomoni wa epoxy wopanda poizoni pa mavavu akuluakulu, utoto wofanana wa epoxy wopanda poizoni uyeneranso kupukutidwa ndi kupopedwa.
5.2 Mkati mwa thupi la valavu ndi ziwalo zonse za mbale ya valavu ziyenera kukhala zotsutsana ndi dzimbiri, mbali imodzi, sizidzazizira zikaviikidwa m'madzi, ndipo sipadzakhala dzimbiri la electrochemical pakati pa zitsulo ziwirizi; Chachiwiri, pamwamba pake pamakhala posalala, kotero kuti kukana madzi kumachepa.
5.3 Zofunikira za ukhondo wa epoxy resin kapena utoto wotsutsana ndi dzimbiri m'thupi la valavu ziyenera kukhala ndi lipoti loyesa kuchokera kwa akuluakulu oyenerera. Mankhwala ndi zinthu zakuthupi ziyeneranso kukwaniritsa zofunikira.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-09-2024
