Valve yachipata: Vavu yachipata ndi valavu yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito chipata (mbale ya pachipata) kuti isunthire molunjika motsatira njirayo.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapaipi olekanitsa sing'anga, mwachitsanzo, kutseguka kwathunthu kapena kutsekedwa kwathunthu.Nthawi zambiri, ma valve a zipata si oyenera kuwongolera kayendedwe kake.Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa kutentha kochepa komanso kutentha kwambiri komanso kupanikizika, malingana ndi zida za valve.
Komabe, mavavu a zipata nthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapaipi omwe amanyamula matope kapena media zofananira.
Ubwino:
Low madzimadzi kukana.
Pamafunika torque yaing'ono kuti mutsegule ndi kutseka.
Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina oyendera ma bidirectional, kulola sing'anga kuyenda mbali zonse ziwiri.
Ikatsegulidwa kwathunthu, malo osindikizira sakonda kukokoloka kuchokera pamalo ogwirira ntchito poyerekeza ndi mavavu apadziko lonse lapansi.
Mapangidwe osavuta okhala ndi njira yabwino yopangira.
Kutalika kwa kapangidwe kawo.
Zoyipa:
Kukula kokulirapo ndi malo oyika ndikofunikira.
Kukangana kwakukulu ndi kuvala pakati pa malo osindikizira panthawi yotsegula ndi kutseka, makamaka pa kutentha kwakukulu.
Mavavu a pachipata nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi malo awiri osindikizira, omwe amatha kuwonjezera zovuta pakukonza, kupera, ndi kukonza.
Nthawi yayitali yotsegula ndi yotseka.
Gulugufe Valve: Vavu yagulugufe ndi valavu yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito chinthu chotseka chofanana ndi disc kuti chizungulire pafupifupi madigiri 90 kuti atsegule, kutseka, ndi kuwongolera kutuluka kwamadzi.
Ubwino:
Kapangidwe kosavuta, kukula kophatikizika, kupepuka, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zochepa, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera mavavu akulu akulu.
Kutsegula mwachangu ndi kutseka ndi kukana kutsika kochepa.
Itha kunyamula media ndi tinthu tating'ono tolimba ndipo itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ufa ndi granular media kutengera kulimba kwa malo osindikizira.
Oyenera kutsegulira, kutseka, ndikuwongolera panjira yolowera mpweya komanso kuchotsa fumbi.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzitsulo, mafakitale opepuka, mphamvu, ndi makina a petrochemical pamapaipi a gasi ndi madzi.
Zoyipa:
Mayendedwe ocheperako amasiyana;pamene valavu imatsegulidwa ndi 30%, kuthamanga kudzapitirira 95%.
Zosayenerera kutentha kwambiri komanso kupanikizika kwapaipi kwapaipi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mapangidwe ndi zida zosindikizira.Nthawi zambiri, imagwira ntchito kutentha pansi pa 300 ° C ndi PN40 kapena pansi.
Kuchita bwino kosindikiza kocheperako poyerekeza ndi mavavu a mpira ndi mavavu a globe, chifukwa chake sizoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zili ndi zofunika kusindikiza kwambiri.
Vavu ya Mpira: Vavu ya mpira imachokera ku valavu ya pulagi, ndipo chinthu chake chotseka ndi gawo lomwe limazungulira madigiri 90 mozungulira mozungulira.valavutsinde kukwaniritsa kutsegula ndi kutseka.Valavu ya mpira imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'mapaipi potseka, kugawa, ndi kusintha komwe kumayendera.Mavavu ampira okhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ngati V alinso ndi kuthekera koyendetsa bwino kuyenda.
Ubwino:
Kukana kuyenda kochepa (pafupifupi zero).
Kugwiritsa ntchito modalirika pazakudya zowononga komanso zakumwa zocheperako zowira chifukwa sikumamatira pakamagwira ntchito (popanda mafuta).
Imakwaniritsa kusindikiza kwathunthu mkati mwazovuta zambiri komanso kutentha.
Kutsegula ndi kutseka mwachangu, zomanga zina zomwe zimakhala ndi nthawi yotsegulira/kutseka yaifupi ngati 0.05 mpaka 0.1 masekondi, oyenerera makina opangira mabenchi oyesera popanda kukhudza pakugwira ntchito.
Kuyikiratu pamalo amalire ndi chinthu chotseka mpira.
Kusindikiza kodalirika kumbali zonse ziwiri za sing'anga yogwirira ntchito.
Palibe kukokoloka kwa malo osindikizira kuchokera pamawayilesi othamanga kwambiri mukatsegula kapena kutsekedwa.
Kapangidwe kakang'ono komanso kopepuka, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kwambiri pamakina azama media otsika.
Thupi la mavavu a Symmetrical, makamaka m'mapangidwe a ma valve otsekedwa, amatha kupirira kupsinjika kwamapaipi.
Chotsekeracho chingathe kupirira kusiyana kwa kuthamanga kwakukulu panthawi yotseka.Mavavu opangidwa bwino kwambiri amatha kukwiriridwa mobisa, kuwonetsetsa kuti zida zamkati sizisokonekera, ndi moyo wautali wautumiki wazaka 30, zomwe zimawapanga kukhala abwino pamapaipi amafuta ndi gasi.
Zoyipa:
Chovala chachikulu chosindikizira cha valve ya mpira ndi polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), yomwe imakhala yochepa pafupifupi mankhwala onse ndipo imakhala ndi zizindikiro zambiri monga kutsika kwapakati, kukhazikika, kukana kukalamba, kukwanira kwa kutentha kwakukulu, ndi ntchito yabwino yosindikiza.
Komabe, mawonekedwe akuthupi a PTFE, kuphatikiza kuchuluka kwake kokulirapo, kumva kuzizira, komanso kusayenda bwino kwamafuta, zimafunikira kuti mapangidwe azisindikizo azikhazikike pamikhalidwe iyi.Choncho, pamene zinthu zosindikizira zimakhala zovuta, kudalirika kwa chisindikizo kumasokonekera.
Kuphatikiza apo, PTFE ili ndi kukana kutentha kochepa ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pansi pa 180 ° C.Kupitilira kutentha uku, zinthu zosindikizira zimakalamba.Poganizira kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, nthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwamba pa 120 ° C.
Kuwongolera kwake kumakhala kocheperako poyerekeza ndi valavu yapadziko lonse lapansi, makamaka mavavu a pneumatic (kapena ma valve amagetsi).
Globe Valve: Imatanthawuza valavu pomwe chinthu chotseka (valve disc) chimayenda pamzere wapakati wa mpando.Kusiyanasiyana kwa orifice ya mpando kumayenderana mwachindunji ndi maulendo a valve disc.Chifukwa cha ulendo waufupi wotsegulira ndi kutseka kwa mtundu uwu wa valve ndi ntchito yake yodalirika yotseka, komanso mgwirizano wofanana pakati pa kusiyana kwa mpando wa orifice ndi kuyenda kwa diski ya valve, ndi yoyenera kwambiri pa kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe kake.Chifukwa chake, valavu yamtunduwu imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri potseka, kuwongolera, komanso kuwongolera.
Ubwino:
Panthawi yotsegulira ndi kutseka, mphamvu yotsutsana pakati pa diski ya valve ndi kusindikiza pamwamba pa thupi la valve ndi yaying'ono kusiyana ndi ya valve ya pachipata, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisawonongeke.
Kutalika kotsegulira nthawi zambiri kumakhala 1/4 chabe ya njira yapampando, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yaying'ono kwambiri kuposa valve yachipata.
Kawirikawiri, pali malo amodzi okha osindikizira pa thupi la valve ndi diski ya valve, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kupanga ndi kukonza.
Ili ndi kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri chifukwa kulongedzako nthawi zambiri kumakhala kusakaniza kwa asbestosi ndi graphite.Ma valve a globe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga ma valve.
Zoyipa:
Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ka sing'anga kupyolera mu valavu, kutsika kochepa kwa valve ya globe ndipamwamba kuposa mitundu ina yambiri ya ma valve.
Chifukwa cha kukwapula kwautali, liwiro lotsegula ndilochepa poyerekeza ndi valve ya mpira.
Pulagi Vavu: Amatanthawuza valavu yozungulira yokhala ndi chinthu chotseka ngati silinda kapena pulagi ya cone.Pulagi ya valve pa valve ya pulagi imayendetsedwa madigiri 90 kuti igwirizane kapena kulekanitsa ndimeyi pa thupi la valve, kukwaniritsa kutsegula kapena kutseka kwa valve.Mawonekedwe a pulagi ya valve akhoza kukhala cylindrical kapena conical.Mfundo yake ndi yofanana ndi ya valve ya mpira, yomwe inapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito valavu ya pulagi ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pogwiritsira ntchito mafuta a mafuta komanso mafakitale a petrochemical.
Vavu yachitetezo: Imagwira ntchito ngati chida choteteza kupsinjika mopitilira muyeso pazombo zopanikizika, zida, kapena mapaipi.Pamene kupanikizika mkati mwa zipangizo, chombo, kapena payipi kupitirira mtengo wovomerezeka, valavu imatseguka kuti itulutse mphamvu zonse, kuteteza kuwonjezereka kwamphamvu.Kupanikizika kukatsika pamtengo womwe watchulidwa, valavu iyenera kutseka mwachangu kuti iteteze chitetezo cha zida, chotengera, kapena payipi.
Msampha wa Nthunzi: Poyendetsa nthunzi, mpweya woponderezedwa, ndi zinthu zina, madzi a condensate amapangidwa.Kuti muwonetsetse kuti chipangizocho chimagwira ntchito bwino komanso chotetezeka, ndikofunikira kutulutsa nthawi yake zinthu zopanda pake komanso zovulaza kuti musunge kugwiritsa ntchito ndikugwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho.Ili ndi ntchito zotsatirazi: (1) Imatha kutulutsa mwachangu madzi a condensate omwe amapangidwa.(2) Zimalepheretsa nthunzi kutuluka.(3) Amachotsa.
Vavu Yochepetsera Kupanikizika: Ndi valavu yomwe imachepetsa kukakamiza kolowera kumalo komwe kumafunikira kudzera pakuwongolera ndikudalira mphamvu ya sing'angayo yokha kuti ikhalebe yokhazikika.
Onani Vavu: Amadziwikanso kuti valavu yosabwerera, yolepheretsa kubwerera kumbuyo, valve yothamanga kumbuyo, kapena valavu imodzi.Ma valve awa amatsegulidwa ndi kutsekedwa ndi mphamvu yopangidwa ndi kutuluka kwa sing'anga mu payipi, kuwapanga kukhala mtundu wa valve yokha.Ma valve owunikira amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumayendedwe a mapaipi ndipo ntchito zawo zazikulu ndikuletsa kubweza kwapakati, kuteteza kusinthika kwa mapampu ndi ma mota oyendetsa, ndikutulutsa media.Ma valve owunika amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamapaipi omwe amapereka makina othandizira pomwe kupanikizika kumatha kukwera pamwamba pa kuthamanga kwa dongosolo.Amatha kugawidwa m'magulu ozungulira (amazungulira kutengera pakati pa mphamvu yokoka) ndi mtundu wokweza (amasuntha motsatira nsonga).
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-03-2023